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With a faster screw the reflected inertia also increases, thereby reducing control loop stability and increasing settling time. It also may negatively affect the repeatability and accuracy (more on that later). But it also means more motor torque is required to move the same load. This increases the linear speed for the same motor rpm.
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The screw lead can be designed to move further for every turn. This critical rpm design limitation is dependent on the diameter and length of the screw. Screw driven actuators can have strong acceleration, but above the critical speed a screw will oscillate. It is the performance champion for the mechanism with both high speed and acceleration.įigure 6: Speed and acceleration vs. The linear motor can accelerate quickly to reach high speeds, typically around 5 m/s. This translates to not just top speed, but fast acceleration. Faster better and more means a quick return on the investment. Motion control systems have the need for speed. Speed and acceleration for linear actuators At a smaller scale, the advantage is often less distinguishable. The cost of rack and pinion is lower at that scale than linear motors, ballscrews, and belts. These tend to be used in large systems with much larger and heavier payloads. However, they are more expensive than belt actuators, which tend toward the low end of the cost spectrum. Ballscrews are less expensive than linear motors. Stands to reason, therefore, the initial cost is also generally higher than other technologies. The linear motor often has the highest overall performance. Let’s start with the bottom line – initial cost. Figure 5: Comparison of mechanisms by different metrics.